EPA Pins Killing of Dunkard Creek on Mine Discharges
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
3 December 2009
By Don Hopey,
A new U.S. Environmental Protection Agency report blames a September
bloom of toxic golden algae for wiping out almost all fish, mussels,
salamanders and aquatic life on 43 miles of Dunkard Creek along the
Pennsylvania-West Virginia border.
The 17-page interim report released Tuesday also tied mine treatment
discharges high in total dissolved solids to the creation of salty
water conditions that allowed the algae, normally found in brackish
waters in Southern and Southwestern states, to thrive and bloom.
Although the EPA report confirms a late September West Virginia
Department of Environmental Protection finding fingering the algae, it
offers no explanation of how the algae got in the creek and said it
will be almost impossible to remove. The only way to control its growth
and toxicity and foster stream restoration, the study said, is to limit
mine drainage containing high TDS.
Kathy Cosco, a West Virginia DEP spokeswoman, said it's also learned
from golden algae experts during two days of meetings this week that it
will be difficult to control the algae's growth and spread to other
bodies of water.
The EPA report and stream algae survey information were released as the
Upper Monongahela River Association and the Greene County Conservation
District prepare to hold the first informational meeting on the Dunkard
Creek ecological disaster from 4 to 8:30 p.m. today at the Mount Morris
Gospel Tabernacle Church.
"People who live in and around the Dunkard Creek watershed want to know
what's going on, and this is the first meeting we'll have where the
agencies can tell us what they know and we can ask questions," said
Betty Wiley, president of the Dunkard Creek Watershed Association. "A
good ecological study of the creek needs to be done to figure out what
happened and what needs done to restore it."
She said a preliminary estimate by the Greene County Conservation
District put the cost of restoring the creek at $30 million.
Paul Ziemkiewicz, director of the West Virginia Water Research
Institute at West Virginia University, said analysis of the creek water
shows that the bulk of the TDS load in the creek probably came from
mine water discharges at Consol Energy's Blacksville No. 2 mine and
Loverage Mine, Patriot Coal's Federal No. 2 mine near the creek's
headwaters and AMDRI's Shannopin Steel Shaft discharge.
"All of those discharges are treated to remove acidity and metals, but
the TDS doesn't change at all," said Mr. Ziemkiewicz, who is scheduled
to speak at the meeting.
Water chemistry readings taken at the Blacksville No. 2 mine discharge
Sept. 9 show sodium at 5,780 milligrams per liter, chloride at 6,120
milligrams per liter and sulfate at 10,800 milligrams per liter -- all
extremely high and the highest found anywhere on the creek that day.
"High TDS levels are good conditions for the growth of the algae bloom,
and that's what we had at Dunkard," said Lou Reynolds, an EPA aquatic
biologist.
But Joe Cerenzia, a Consol Energy spokesman, said the mining company
disputes the conclusion that the algae bloom was linked to the mine
discharges.
"It's our belief that a lot was happening in that creek and you can't
with any certainty make that final determination," Mr. Cerenzia said.
"Experts can't pinpoint what happened and there might have been other
factors, like higher nutrients due to runoff."
The EPA also confirmed Tuesday that its recent stream survey found
golden algae on Whiteley Creek, the watershed just north of Dunkard
Creek in Greene County.
No fish kills have been reported on Whiteley Creek, which also has high
concentrations of dissolved solids or TDS. The survey found no golden
algae in 10 other streams or four sampling areas of the Monongahela
River.
The West Virginia DEP has also found high levels of golden algae in
Cabin Creek, near Charleston, but has not seen any fish kills.
Robbie Matesic, executive director of economic development for Greene
County, said that while the meeting will focus on Dunkard Creek it
shouldn't lose sight of the bigger ecological picture.
"Specific to the Dunkard fish kill I'm not going to hold my breath on
finding the responsible party for that," Ms. Matesic said. "But I want
to know what the agencies are doing to protect water quality in the Mon
River basin. We could hit a tipping point at any time now."
Don Hopey can be reached at dhopey@post-gazette.com or 412-263-1983.